Building Scalable VPC Architectures in AWS

What You'll Learn

• VPC design principles and best practices
• Multi-AZ architecture patterns
• Network segmentation and security
• VPC connectivity options
• Cost optimization strategies

Understanding VPC Components

Core Components Overview

VPC Design Patterns

Three-Tier Architecture Implementation

const createVPC = async () => {
  const vpc = new aws.ec2.Vpc('main', {
    cidrBlock: '10.0.0.0/16',
    enableDnsHostnames: true,
    enableDnsSupport: true,
    
    subnetConfiguration: [
      {
        name: 'public',
        subnetType: 'Public',
        cidrMask: 24,
      },
      {
        name: 'private',
        subnetType: 'Private',
        cidrMask: 24,
      },
      {
        name: 'database',
        subnetType: 'Isolated',
        cidrMask: 24,
      },
    ],
  });
  
  return vpc;
};

Security Group Configuration

const createSecurityGroups = async (vpc: aws.ec2.Vpc) => {
  // Web tier security group
  const webSg = new aws.ec2.SecurityGroup('web-sg', {
    vpcId: vpc.id,
    description: 'Security group for web tier',
    ingress: [
      { protocol: 'tcp', fromPort: 80, toPort: 80, cidrBlocks: ['0.0.0.0/0'] },
      { protocol: 'tcp', fromPort: 443, toPort: 443, cidrBlocks: ['0.0.0.0/0'] },
    ],
  });
  
  // App tier security group
  const appSg = new aws.ec2.SecurityGroup('app-sg', {
    vpcId: vpc.id,
    description: 'Security group for application tier',
    ingress: [
      { protocol: 'tcp', fromPort: 8080, toPort: 8080, sourceSecurityGroupId: webSg.id },
    ],
  });
  
  // Database tier security group
  const dbSg = new aws.ec2.SecurityGroup('db-sg', {
    vpcId: vpc.id,
    description: 'Security group for database tier',
    ingress: [
      { protocol: 'tcp', fromPort: 5432, toPort: 5432, sourceSecurityGroupId: appSg.id },
    ],
  });
  
  return { webSg, appSg, dbSg };
};

Network Segmentation

Subnet Design Patterns

VPC Connectivity Options

Hybrid Connectivity Architecture

Cost Optimization

NAT Gateway Optimization

Security Best Practices

Network Access Controls

• Implement security groups with principle of least privilege
• Use NACLs for subnet-level security
• Enable VPC Flow Logs for network monitoring

VPC Endpoints

• Use interface endpoints for AWS services
• Implement endpoint policies
• Monitor endpoint access

Network Monitoring

• Enable VPC Flow Logs
• Set up CloudWatch alarms
• Implement network monitoring

Performance Optimization

Network Performance Metrics

Conclusion

Building scalable VPC architectures requires careful planning and consideration of security, performance, and cost optimization. By following the patterns and best practices outlined in this guide, you can create robust and efficient network architectures in AWS.

Additional Resources

1. AWS VPC Documentation
2. VPC Design Best Practices
3. VPC Security Best Practices